London Evening Advertiser
- London Mourns Passing of Hon. C. S. Hyman
- Fear Italy Plans War on Turkey
- 120 Men Trapped in African Mine
The London Evening Advertiser of 9 October 1926 mourned Charles S. Hyman, the former Canadian minister of public works and manufacturer, who had died at his home Idlewyld that morning at 72 after a heart illness that began at a Quebec fishing club in May; the paper called him perhaps the most beloved of London's citizens. An Associated Press dispatch relayed the London Daily Express's claim that Mussolini, with Greek help, was preparing war on Turkey to win a zone around Adalia, with Greece striking through Thrace for Smyrna, while Britain and possibly the United States worked for peace. A Cape Town dispatch reported a gas explosion in a Natal coal mine that had entombed 120 men, with eleven bodies recovered and little hope for the rest. The reading includes only the opening of the Hyman obituary and stops where the mine story gives way to the next item.
The page's OCR is badly garbled, so these excerpts were transcribed from the page images. The Hyman obituary was read with low confidence and breaks off mid-sentence as it describes his illness. Its continuation is not included. The Italy–Turkey story continues into the third excerpt, which opens with illegible words and then gives the end of that story before the mine report. The mine report was also read with low confidence and is followed by the start of an unread item headed 'SEEK AMALGAMATION'. Tile crops cut through headlines and columns at their edges, and the continuation pages are not supplied.
Translation
LONDON MOURNS PASSING OF HON. C. S. HYMAN
Hon. Charles S. Hyman, former minister of public works for Canada, and prominent manufacturer, died at his home, Idlewyld, here at 6:25 this morning. Mr. Hyman became critically ill at his fishing club, Echo Beach, Quebec, on May 20 last, but made an extraordinary temporary recovery on his arrival home on June 4. His passing came peacefully after more than four months of intermittent improvements and relapses. He was 72 years of age.
The late Mr. Hyman was probably the most personally beloved of London's citizens. He was distinguished in many fields, which included business, sports, politics and philanthropy. Although he retired from active participation in politics and sports years ago, he evinced a keen interest in his favorite preoccupations until the end. Sportsmen, statesmen and outstanding men the world over whom he numbered among his friends will regret the ending of his distinguished career.
Mr. Hyman first became ill at the Echo Beach Club, where he suffered from a heart affliction. Several doctors pronounced his case hopeless at the time, but the fighting qualities for [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?]
Fear Italy Plans War On Turkey
Fear Italy Plans War On Turkey
London Daily Express Declares Mussolini Has Ambitions To Gain Adalia.
GREECE IN THE PLOT
Other Nations Trying To Prevent War—Turks Are Prepared
Associated Press Despatch.
London, England, Oct. 9.—The Daily Express, in a front-page article today, intimates that Italy is preparing for war against Turkey.
The article declares that Premier Mussolini of Italy is planning, with the co-operation of Greece, to secure for Italy a zone of influence around Adalia, Asia Minor, which was promised Italy in 1915 by a secret pact in London between Russia, France, Great Britain and Italy and which the Bolshevists disclosed in 1917.
Turkey, says the newspaper, is aware of the plan and maintains four army corps, permanently mobilized.
Mussolini believes the methods he has devised cannot possibly fail if put into operation. Greece would attack Turkey through Thrace, while the Italians attacked in the south. Greece's reward would be the re-possession of the Smyrna territory. Rumania's neutrality was secured by a promise of support regarding Bessarabia.
Great international efforts are being made, the Daily Express declares, to persuade Mussolini to desist, and it is urged in some quarters that the United States should be invited to exert her influence for peace.
While France is believed to be not entirely averse to the Italian aims if they can be attained without war, the newspaper asserts, Great Britain is on the side of peace and her efforts, in conjunction with possible aid from the United States, may limit Mussolini's plans to an un-
120 MEN TRAPPED IN AFRICAN MINE
[?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] States should be invited to exert her influence for peace.
While France is believed to be not entirely averse to the Italian aims if they can be attained without war, the newspaper asserts, Great Britain is on the side of peace and her efforts, in conjunction with possible aid from the United States, may limit Mussolini's plans to an unfulfilled threat.
120 MEN TRAPPED IN AFRICAN MINE
Four White, 116 Natives Are Believed Dead as Result of Blast.
Cape Town, S. A., Oct. 9.—Four white men and 116 natives were entombed by a gas explosion yesterday in the Durban Navigation Coal Company's mine at Ann Habor, Natal. Rescuers working through the night succeeded in bringing eleven bodies to the surface. The smoke and flames from the shaft at the time of the explosion were visible for two miles. There is little hope of reaching the entombed men.
SEEK AMALGAMATION [?] [?] [?]
Context
Hyman's career in London civic life and the federal cabinet
The obituary's description of Hyman as a former minister of public works and a man distinguished in business, sport and politics matches his recorded career. Hyman entered London's city council in 1882 and served as mayor in 1884. In federal politics he was a minister without portfolio from 1904 to 1905 and then Minister of Public Works from 1905 to 1907, resigning in 1907, nearly two decades before this obituary appeared. The paper says only that he had withdrawn from active politics years earlier and does not discuss the circumstances of the resignation. His sporting reputation was equally real: Hyman won the Canadian national tennis championship five times, a record that stood until Ivan Lendl won six titles. These achievements explain why the paper described him as distinguished in many fields and counted sportsmen and statesmen among his mourners.
Why Adalia: the 1915 promise and its loss at Lausanne
The Daily Express story rests on a real wartime bargain. The 1915 Treaty of London provided that, if the Ottoman Empire were dismembered, Italy would acquire the port of Antalya (Adalia) and the adjoining territory. Italy acted on that promise after the war, landing an expeditionary force at Antalya on 9 March 1919, but it began withdrawing those forces in the autumn of 1922. The 1923 Treaty of Lausanne, concluded with the new Turkish state, gave Italy no area of economic influence or military occupation in Anatolia. The 'zone of influence around Adalia' that the article attributes to Mussolini's ambitions was therefore a claim Italy had briefly occupied and then lost in the peace settlement, which explains why a report of renewed designs on it could be presented as a plausible war scare in 1926.
Was there real Greek–Italian planning against Turkey?
The scenario the Express described, with Greece attacking through Thrace and Italy in the south, echoes plans that had genuinely been discussed during the Pangalos dictatorship in Greece. Historian Antonis Klapsis writes that Pangalos, wanting to secure Eastern Thrace and possibly part of Western Asia Minor, sought the backing of a Great Power, and the Foundation of the Hellenic World notes that Pangalos responded positively to Mussolini's overtures about a possible new clash with Turkey. By early March 1926, however, Greek ministers who met Mussolini found him reluctant about joint action because of British pressure, and Pangalos himself held power only until 22 August 1926, some seven weeks before this report. The sources used here therefore show that the Express was echoing a real line of Greek–Italian discussion, but they do not show active joint war preparations in October 1926, when the Greek leader who had championed the scheme was already gone.
The Durban Navigation Colliery explosion and its final toll
The Cape Town dispatch was written while rescuers were still at work, and its figures were provisional: 120 men entombed, four white and 116 African, with eleven bodies recovered. Later records describe the event as a methane explosion at the Durban Navigation Colliery on 8 October 1926 that killed 124 miners, four more than the number the dispatch reported trapped, and rank it as the worst mine explosion in South Africa's history. On the question of cause, the Adelaide newspaper The Register ran a report on 12 October 1926 headed 'Colliery Explosion. Caused by Spark.', indicating that within days the ignition of the gas was being attributed to a spark.
Original
LONDON MOURNS PASSING OF HON. C. S. HYMAN
Hon. Charles S. Hyman, former minister of public works for Canada, and prominent manufacturer, died at his home, Idlewyld. here at 6: 25 this morning. Mr. Hyman became critically ill at his fishing club, Echo Beach, Quebec, on May 20 last, but made an extraordinary temporary recovery on his arrival home on June 4. His passing came peacefully after more than four months of intermittent improvements and relapses. He was 72 years of age. The late Mr. Hyman was probably the most personally beloved of London's citizens. He was distinguished in many fields, which included business, sports, politics and philanthropy. Although he retired from actve partcpaton in politics and sports years ago, he evinced a keen interest in his favorite preoccupations until the end. Sportsmen, statesmen and outstanding men the world over whom he numbered among his friends will regret the ending of his distinguished career. Mr. Hyman first became ill at the Echo Beach Club, where he suffered from a heart affliction. Several doctors pronounced his case hopeless at the time, but the fighting qualities for [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?]
Fear Italy Plans War On Turkey
Fear Italy Plans War On Turkey London Daily Express Declares Mussolini Has Ambitions To Gain Adalia. GREECE IN THE PLOT Other Nations Trying To Prevent War-Turks Are Prepared Associated Press Despatch. London, England, Oct. 9. - The Daily Express, in a front-page article today, intimates that Italy is preparing for war against Turkey. The article declares that Premier Mussolini of Italy is planning, with the co-operation of Greece, to secure for Italy a zone of influence around Adalia, Asia Minor, which was promised Italy in 1915 by a secret pact in London between Russia, France, Great Britain and Italy and which the Bolshevists disclosed in 1917. Turkey, says the newspaper, is aware of the plan and maintains four army corps, permanently mobilized. Mussolini believes the methods he has devised cannot possibly fail if put into operation. Greece would attack Turkey through Thrace, while the Italians attacked in the south. Greece's reward would be the re-possession of the Smyrna territory. Rumania's neutrality was secured by a promise of support regarding Bessarabia. Great international efforts are being made, the Daily Express, declares, to persuade Mussolini to desist, and it is urged in some quarters that the United States should be invited to exert her influence for peace. While France is believed to be not entirely averse to the Italian aims if they can be attained without war, the newspaper asserts, Great Britain is on the side of peace and her efforts, in conjunction with possible aid from the United States, may limit Mussolini's plans to an un -
120 MEN TRAPPED IN AFRICAN MINE
[?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] States should be invited to exert her influence for peace. While France is believed to be not entirely averse to the Italian aims if they can be attained without war, the newspaper asserts, Great Britain is on the side of peace and her efforts, in conjunction with possible aid from the United States, may limit Mussolini's plans to an unfulfilled threat. 120 MEN TRAPPED IN AFRICAN MINE Four White, 116 Natives Are Believed Dead as Result of Blast. Cape Town, S. A., Oct. 9. - Four white men and 116 natives were entombed by a gas explosion yesterday in the Durban Navigation Coal Company's mine at Ann Habor, Natal. Rescuers working through the night succeeded in bringing eleven bodies to the surface. The smoke and flames from the shaft at the time of the explosion were visible for two miles. There is little hope of reaching the entombed men. SEEK AMALGAMATION [?] [?] [?]
Source: Holding institution