London Evening Advertiser
- GUERILLA WARFARE FEARED IN BRITISH CRISIS
- Hydro Has Saved Londoners Twenty Million Dollars
- IMPORTANT DECISION IN HOME BANK CASE
This London, Ontario evening paper led its foreign news with a special cable from Henry Somerville in London: Britain's locked-out miners, facing defeat, had voted against their own leaders' advice to call out the safety men who kept the pits from flooding, and the correspondent warned of guerilla-style violence and expected arrests of extremist leaders. At home, utilities manager E. V. Buchanan argued that publicly owned Hydro power, sold at 1½ cents a kilowatt hour against an average U.S. private rate of 7½ cents, had saved the city more than $20,000,000 in about 16 years, including $1,800,000 last year. A third report covered an Ontario Court of Appeal ruling that a marked cheque drawn on the failed Home Bank, delivered half an hour before it closed, did not pay off a mortgage. Weather tables and the death of Times drama critic A. B. Walkley also appeared.
Translation
GUERILLA WARFARE FEARED IN BRITISH CRISIS
GUERILLA WA MINERS GROW DESPERATE AND COUNTRY IS ALARMED BY SPECTRE OF VIOLENCE
Government Has Prepared Emergency Force To Man Mines If Safety Men Quit, But Guerilla Civil Warfare May Result If Miners Try To Work.
MANY ARRESTS OF EXTREMIST LEADERS ARE EXPECTED DURING NEXT FEW DAYS
Everything Rests On Appeal to Good Sense of Main Body of Miners - - - If Trouble Comes, Authorities May Not Be Able To Cope With Men.
By HENRY SOMERVILLE. Special Cable to The Advertiser. Copyright.
London, Oct. 8. - The British miners are now acting under the desperation of impending defeat. A large majority, yesterday, for calling out the safety men was obtained despite the opposition of Herbert Smith and other leading members of the federation executive. The bulk of the safety men are not members of the federation, but of a separate union, and officials of this union are emphatic in saying their men will not cease work. But the safety men live in the same streets and villages as the other miners and they will be treated as blacklegs if they continue working. The Government and the coal owners have been prepared for this emergency and, as in 1921, naval and military forces and civilian volun- [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?]
Hydro Has Saved Londoners Twenty Million Dollars
to southeast winds; fair; not much change in temperature. The high pressure now extends from Northern Ontario across the Great Lakes to the southern states and another high area is coming in over the far northwest, while a trough of low extends from the western provinces to the southwest states. Showers have occurred [?] the Maritimes and in many [?] of Saskatchewan and Alberta, while in Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec the weather has been mostly fair.
TEMPERATURES.
The official temperatures for the 24 hours ending 8 p.m. Thursday, October 7, were: Min. Max. Min. Max. Dawson 30 36 Winnipeg 34 60 Pr. Rupert 42 46 Pt. Arthur 36 40 Victoria 48 [?] 6 P. Sound 34 46 Vancouver 48 58 London 38 52 Calgary 42 53 Toronto 40 54 Pr. Albert 44 62 Ottawa 40 54 Saskatoon 42 65 Montreal 44 54 Regina 44 65 Quebec 42 54 Halifax 56 64
LOCAL TEMPERATURES.
The highest and lowest temperatures recorded in London during the 24 hours previous to 8 o'clock last night were: Highest, 52; lowest, 38. The official temperatures for the 12 hours previous to 8 a.m. today were: Highest, 46; lowest, 35.
Barometric Readings.
Yesterday-8 p.m., 29.25. Today-8 a.m., 29.39.
with headquarters in a city in the automobile manufacturing zone, under the direct control of officers of the international unions whose membership embraces the automobile crafts.
Brightlingsea, Essex, Oct. 8. - Arthur Bingham Walkley, dramatic critic of the London Times, is dead. Born at Bristol Dec. 17, 1855, he was educated at Oxford.
Hydro Has Saved Londoners Twenty Million Dollars
General Manager of Utilities Compares Rates With Those of U.S.
VASTLY CHEAPER
Saving Last Year Alone Amounted to $1,800,000, He Claims.
Hydro, through cheap rates, has saved London upwards of $20,000,000 since first used here about 16 years ago. Last year alone, according to Manager E. V. Buchanan of the Utilities Commission, the saving because of public ownership of the hydro system amounted to $1,800,000 on the power sold exclusive of the industrial load.
Questioned as to London's saving because of a Toronto despatch to the effect that the Queen City saves $7,178,983 each year on cheap power, Mr. Buchanan based his figures for London upon the fact that the average cost of power in the United States, where practically all the power is sold by privately-owned companies, was 7½ cents per kilowatt hour, compared with London's average of 1½ cents per kilowatt hour. London used 30,000,000 kilowatt hours in electric current last year, which was sold for $450,000, or a saving of $1,800,000 if the United States average rate had been in vogue here.
Claims have been made for cheap hydro power from time to time, but figures such as Mr. Buchanan gave today, he claimed, are concrete proof of the claims made upon behalf of the Ontario Hydro-Electric Power Commission system, and show indeed that even the claims that have been made are modest rather than extravagant, as is sometimes declared.
IMPORTANT DECISION IN HOME BANK CASE
vited by Premier J. E. Brownlee to a conference at an early date to consider the entire coal situation as it is at the present time. Special attention will be given at this meeting to the possibility of developing more satisfactory relations with the Ontario market.
IMPORTANT DECISION IN HOME BANK CASE
Court of Appeals Hands Down Decision Which May Be Far-Reaching.
That a check on the defunct Home Bank, marked by the maker and delivered one-half hour before the bank closed its doors, does not constitute payment of a mortgage is the decision of the Court of Appeals of Ontario. Notice of this decision was received this afternoon by U. A. Buchner, counsel for Mrs. M. E. Campbell in the case of Campbell versus Raynor. I. Helmuth, K.C., appeared for Raynor, who must now make good the mortgage.
On the day the Home Bang failed, a check marked by the writer was delivered to Mr. Buchner's office for Mrs. Campbell. Payment of the check was refused by the liquidators of the bank and Mrs. Campbell sued Raynor for the amount of the mortgage. The case was heard before Mr. Justice Mowat at the sittings of the supreme court last May and he ruled that the check did constitute payment of the mortgage and refused Mrs. Campbell's plea. Mr. Buchner went to Toronto and argued the case before the court of appeals. The appeal was successful, and by today's decision the mortgage will have to be paid. The decision will be a precedent for other similar cases.
Context
How the 1926 coal lockout reached its final weeks
Somerville's phrase "the desperation of impending defeat" describes a dispute that had outlasted the General Strike of May 1926 by months. In July the coalowners posted new terms of employment based on an eight-hour working day for miners. In mid-August a delegate conference of the Miners' Federation of Great Britain authorised its executive to reopen negotiations without prior conditions, and a meeting with the owners days later ended in deadlock because the owners would accept only unconditional surrender. Read against that sequence, a vote to withdraw the safety men, who kept the pits drained and ventilated, looks like a last attempt to put pressure on the owners. The vote itself, the opposition of Herbert Smith, and the government's emergency force are the correspondent's account and are not confirmed by the timeline used here. The result is on record: between 27 and 30 November 1926 the miners returned to work on lower pay and longer hours, an outcome the Warwick timeline calls total defeat.
Why the correspondent feared violence in the mining villages
The article's alarm rests on a social fact it states plainly: safety men who kept working lived in the same streets and villages as the locked-out miners and would be treated as blacklegs. By October 1926, confrontations around collieries were already reaching the courts. Edith Cartwright received a prison sentence after allegedly throwing a stone at Hatfield colliery in Yorkshire in October 1926, the same month this cable was filed. Her case suggests that the clash between working and striking men, and the policing of it, were part of life in the coalfields that autumn. Somerville's further claims, that many arrests of extremist leaders were expected within days and that the authorities might not be able to cope, remain his forecast; the source used here records individual prosecutions, not the mass outbreak he feared.
What public Hydro was, and how Buchanan reached his figures
The London in this headline is London, Ontario, the paper's home city. The Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario, formed in 1906, was a hybrid of a government department, crown corporation and municipal cooperative that coexisted with private companies, and municipalities joined it town by town. Its first transmission lines began supplying southwestern Ontario in 1910, which matches Buchanan's "about 16 years ago". His arithmetic for last year holds: 30,000,000 kilowatt hours at 1½ cents yields $450,000, while the same quantity at 7½ cents would cost $2,250,000, a difference of $1,800,000. The comparison is still a constructed one. It sets one city's non-industrial sales against a single national U.S. average across many private companies, and the article does not show how the cumulative $20,000,000 was calculated. The figures served a political point the article makes openly, that claims for public power were "modest rather than extravagant".
Why London, Ontario took special pride in Hydro
Buchanan's boast came from the home town of the system's founder. Adam Beck was elected mayor of London in 1902 and a few months later entered the Ontario legislature for the London riding. He was an early and prominent advocate of publicly owned electricity grids, opposing private companies he felt did not serve the public, and he became the first chairman of the Hydro-Electric Power Commission. Beck died in 1925, a little over a year before this article appeared, after returning to the legislature in 1923. A London utilities manager defending Hydro's record against sceptics in October 1926 was therefore also defending a local political legacy, at a time when the commission was continuing without the man most identified with it.
How the Home Bank collapse left a cheque without value
The Campbell v. Raynor case grew out of one of Canada's most damaging bank failures. On 17 August 1923 the Home Bank's main branch did not open and all branches closed; provincial and federal authorities appointed Geoffrey Teignmouth Clarkson of Clarkson Gordon as liquidator. Ten bank officials were arrested in October 1923 on charges ranging from concurring with false returns to fraud. Depositors had no deposit insurance, which Canada did not enact until 1967, and the federal government later agreed to pay them $5,450,000 as a partial settlement. That background explains the dispute in the article. A cheque drawn on the bank and delivered half an hour before closing became a claim against an insolvent estate once the liquidators refused to pay it. The question was who bore that loss, the mortgagee who received the cheque or the mortgagor who wrote it. According to the paper, Mr. Justice Mowat had put the loss on Mrs. Campbell, and the Court of Appeal reversed him, leaving Raynor to pay the mortgage. The paper's claim that the ruling would be a precedent for other cases reflects how many such transactions the sudden closure had left unsettled.
Original
GUERILLA WARFARE FEARED IN BRITISH CRISIS
GUERILLA WA MINERS GROW DESPERATE AND COUNTRY IS ALARMED BY SPECTRE OF VIOLENCE Government Has Prepared Emergency Force To Man Mines If Safety Men Quit, But Guerilla Civil Warfare May Result If Miners Try To Work. MANY ARRESTS OF EXTREMIST LEADERS ARE EXPECTED DURING NEXT FEW DAYS Everything Rests On Appeal to Good Sense of Main Body of Miners - - - If Trouble Comes, Authorities May Not Be Able To Cope With Men. By HENRY SOMERVILLE. Special Cable to The Advertiser. Copyright. London, Oct. 8. - The British miners are now acting under the desperation of impending defeat. A large majority, yesterday, for calling out the safety men was obtained despite the opposition of Herbert Smith and other leading members of the federation executive. The bulk of the safety men are not members of the federation, but of a separate union, and officials of this union are emphatic in saying their men will not cease work. But the safety men live in the same streets and villages as the other miners and they will be treated as blacklegs if they continue working. The Government and the coal owners have been prepared for this emergency and, as in 1921, naval and military forces and civilian volun - [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?]
Hydro Has Saved Londoners Twenty Million Dollars
to southeast winds; fair; not much change in temperature. The high pressure now extends from Northern Ontario across the Great Lakes to the southern states and another high area is coming in over the far northwest, while a trough of low extends from the western provinces to the southwest states. Showers have occurred [?] the Maritimes and in many [?] of Saskatchewan and Alberta, while in Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec the weather has been mostly fair. TEMPERATURES. The official temperatures for the 24 hours ending 8 p. m. Thursday, October 7, were: Min. Max. Min. Max. Dawson 30 36 Winnipeg 34 60 Pr. Rupert 42 46 Pt. Arthur 36 40 Victoria 48 [?] 6 P. Sound 34 46 Vancouver 48 58 London 38 52 Calgary 42 53 Toronto 40 54 Pr. Albert 44 62 Ottawa 40 54 Saskatoon 42 65 Montreal 44 54 Regina 44 65 Quebec 42 54 Halifax 56 64 LOCAL TEMPERATURES. The highest and lowest temperatures recorded in London during the 24 hours previous to 8 o'clock last night were: Highest, 52; lowest, 38. The official temperatures for the 12 hours previous to 8 a. m. today were: Highest, 46; lowest, 35. Barometric Readings. Yesterday-8 p. m., 29. 25. Today-8 a. m., 29. 39. with headquarters in a city in the automobile manufacturing zone, under the direct control of officers of the international unions whose membership embraces the automobile crafts. Brightlingsea, Essex, Oct. 8. - Arthur Bingham Walkley, dramatic critic of the London Times, is dead. Born at Bristol Dec. 17, 1855, he was educated at Oxford. Hydro Has Saved Londoners Twenty Million Dollars General Manager of Utilities Compares Rates With Those of U. S. VASTLY CHEAPER Saving Last Year Alone Amounted to $ 1, 800, 000, He Claims. Hydro, through cheap rates, has saved London upwards of $ 20, 000, 000 since first used here about 16 years ago. Last year alone, according to Manager E. V. Buchanan of the Utilities Commission, the saving because of public ownership of the hydro system amounted to $ 1, 800, 000 on the power sold exclusive of the industrial load. Questioned as to London's saving because of a Toronto despatch to the effect that the Queen City saves $ 7, 178, - 983 each year on cheap power, Mr. Buchanan based his figures for London upon the fact that the average cost of power in the United States, where practically all the power is sold by privately-owned companies, was 7½ cents per kilowatt hour, compared with London's average of 1½ cents per kilowatt hour. London used 30, 000, 000 kilowatt hours in electric current last year, which was sold for $ 450, 000, or a saving of $ 1, 800, - 000 if the United States average rate had been in vogue here. Claims have been made for cheap hydro power from time to time, but figures such as Mr. Buchanan gave today, he claimed, are concrete proof of the claims made upon behalf of the Ontario Hydro-Electric Power Commission system, and show indeed that even the claims that have been made are modest rather than extravagant, as is sometimes declared.
IMPORTANT DECISION IN HOME BANK CASE
vited by Premier J. E. Brownlee to a conference at an early date to consider the entire coal situation as it is at the present time. Special attention will be given at this meeting to the possibility of developing more satisfactory relations with the Ontario market. IMPORTANT DECISION IN HOME BANK CASE Court of Appeals Hands Down Decision Which May Be Far-Reaching. That a check on the defunct Home Bank, marked by the maker and delivered one-half hour before the bank closed its doors, does not constitute payment of a mortgage is the decision of the Court of Appeals of Ontario. Notice of this decision was received this afternoon by U. A. Buchner, counsel for Mrs. M. E. Campbell in the case of Campbell versus Raynor. I. Helmuth, K. C., appeared for Raynor, who must now make good the mortgage. On the day the Home Bang failed, a check marked by the writer was delivered to Mr. Buchner's office for Mrs. Campbell. Payment of the check was refused by the liquidators of the bank and Mrs. Campbell sued Raynor for the amount of the mortgage. The case was heard before Mr. Justice Mowat at the sittings of the supreme court last May and he ruled that the check did constitute payment of the mortgage and refused Mrs. Campbell's plea. Mr. Buchner went to Toronto and argued the case before the court of appeals. The appeal was successful, and by today's decision the mortgage will have to be paid. The decision will be a precedent for other similar cases.
Source: Holding institution